Air quality back into unhealthy range in central, west Singapore
In Singapore, the air quality deteriorated overnight on Monday (Oct 5), with the west joining the central region in the unhealthy range at 6am.
A view of the haze in Singapore on Oct 4, 2026. (Photo: CNA)
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SINGAPORE: Air quality in central and western Singapore deteriorated overnight and entered the unhealthy range on Monday (Oct 5).
At 7am, the 24-hour Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) reading in the central region was 111, while the west recorded 103. The air quality in the rest of Singapore remained in the moderate band.
The 1-hour PM2.5 readings at 7am, which reflect air quality at a single point in time, were elevated in the central and western regions and normal elsewhere.
In an update earlier on Sunday, the National Environment Agency (NEA) said moderate to dense smoke plumes from southern Sumatra continued to drift towards Singapore and the surrounding region. Smoke haze was also observed from fires in Kalimantan.
Dry weather is expected to continue over Singapore and the surrounding region on Monday.
There remains a risk of smoke haze affecting Singapore under the prevailing southeasterly or southwesterly winds, NEA said.
The 24-hour PSI for Singapore is forecast to be in the high moderate to low unhealthy range, the agency added.
NEA said the health impact of haze depends on a person's health status, the PSI level, and the length and intensity of outdoor activity.
For immediate outdoor activities, people should refer to the 1-hour PM2.5 readings and corresponding personal guide, while the 24-hour PSI forecast and health advisories should be used when planning outdoor activities for the next day.
The 24-hour PSI is Singapore's indicator of daily air quality and forms the basis of NEA's daily health advisories. It is calculated using six air pollutants - PM2.5, PM10, ozone, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide - and reflects the average air quality of the past 24 hours.
The 1-hour PM2.5 reading, on the other hand, is the hourly average of the PM2.5 pollutant levels. PM2.5 is fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometres or shorter, and is the dominant pollutant during haze that causes harm to health.
A 24-hour PSI reading is considered "unhealthy" when it is in the 101 to 200 range, "very unhealthy" when it is within the 201-300 range, and "hazardous" when it goes over 300.
The hourly PM2.5 reading is classified in four bands: normal, elevated, high and very high. It is considered elevated when it ranges from 56 to 150. The "high" band ranges from 151 to 250, and readings above that are classified as "very high".
